Mortgage lending data is from information lenders are required to report under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, which is collected and made available to the public by the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau (CFPB). We used data from 2018-2020 unless otherwise indicated. Home purchase loans to owner-occupants on single-family homes are used for maps.

Action Taken 1 is considered an origination. Action Taken 1-5 are considered ‘applications’ and Action Taken 3 indicates a denial. Purchased loans, reverse mortgages, and preapprovals are not included unless specifically indicated. A small number of outliers, records missing county/state information, and records missing a loan purpose have been removed, impacting less than 1% of loan records nationally.

Census data for HMDA is drawn from the FFIEC census file for 2019 and uses the 2011 – 2015 American Community Survey data from the US Census. This data is modified by the FFIEC for use with HMDA.

Small business lending is from the FFIEC website and uses their definitions of small business. Small business data is from 2017-2019.

Person of color or minority refers to any person that is not a non-Hispanic white. In instances where race is missing, that borrower is identified by the term “no data”.

Branch deposit data comes from the annual FDIC Summary of Deposit file and is current as of June 30, 2020. Branches opened or closed since that time are not included in deposit calculations.

Census Tract: An area defined by the U.S. Census that typically has about 4,000 people living in it. Also referred to as a ‘neighborhood’ throughout this report.

Lender: A bank, mortgage company, or credit union that makes loans.

Origination: A mortgage loan on a single-family property made by a bank, mortgage company, or credit union.

Purchased Loan: A mortgage loan made on a single-family property by a third party and then bought by a bank, mortgage company, or credit union.

Application: A record created when a borrower inquires with a lender about a mortgage loan.

Denial: A mortgage loan application that the lender denies.

Small Business Loan: A loan made to a business for a loan amount of less than $1 million.

Bank Branch: A location owned by a bank that directly services customers and allows deposits or other transactions.

Minority: A person that identifies as Hispanic or any race other than White.

Majority-Minority: A census tract where 50% or more of the population is a minority.

Low-to-moderate income (LMI): A person who makes less than 80% of the metro area’s median family income (MFI). Or a census tract where the MFI is 80% or less of the MFI of the metro area.